An Investigation of Suicide Prevention Strategies in Gombe State
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Background of the Study
Suicide is a significant public health issue, accounting for over 700,000 deaths annually worldwide (WHO, 2023). It represents a critical challenge in Nigeria, where socio-economic pressures, mental health disorders, and limited access to mental health care contribute to rising suicide rates. Gombe State, situated in northeastern Nigeria, faces unique challenges that may exacerbate suicide risks, including poverty, displacement due to conflict, and stigma associated with seeking mental health support.
Effective suicide prevention strategies require a multi-sectoral approach that encompasses mental health promotion, early intervention, and crisis management. However, in Gombe State, suicide prevention efforts are often hindered by inadequate healthcare infrastructure, cultural stigmatization, and a lack of public awareness about mental health. While some interventions, such as community-based programs and hotline services, have been implemented in other parts of the country, their effectiveness in Gombe remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the strategies currently employed to prevent suicide in Gombe State and identify areas for improvement.
Statement of the Problem
Suicide has become a growing concern in Gombe State, with an increasing number of cases reported in recent years. Despite its devastating impact on families and communities, suicide prevention remains under-prioritized in the state. The lack of reliable data, coupled with cultural and religious barriers, hinders the implementation of effective suicide prevention programs. Moreover, existing mental health services are either inadequate or inaccessible to many at-risk individuals.
The absence of a coordinated approach to suicide prevention limits the ability of stakeholders to address underlying causes, such as mental health disorders, economic hardship, and social isolation. This study seeks to evaluate existing suicide prevention strategies in Gombe State, identify their strengths and weaknesses, and propose evidence-based recommendations for improving outcomes.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with suicide in Gombe State.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of existing suicide prevention strategies in the state.
- To propose evidence-based recommendations for enhancing suicide prevention efforts.
Research Questions
- What are the prevalence and major risk factors of suicide in Gombe State?
- How effective are the current suicide prevention strategies in addressing the issue?
- What measures can be adopted to improve suicide prevention outcomes in Gombe State?
Research Hypotheses
- Suicide prevalence in Gombe State is influenced by socio-economic and mental health factors.
- Existing suicide prevention strategies in Gombe State are insufficient to address the issue comprehensively.
- Evidence-based interventions can significantly enhance suicide prevention outcomes in the state.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on suicide cases and prevention strategies in Gombe State between 2015 and 2025. The scope includes an analysis of risk factors, the effectiveness of interventions, and stakeholder perspectives. Limitations include the sensitivity of suicide as a subject, which may result in underreporting or reluctance from respondents to participate, as well as logistical challenges in accessing remote areas.
Definitions of Terms
- Suicide: The act of intentionally ending one’s own life.
- Suicide Prevention Strategies: Interventions designed to reduce the incidence of suicide, including public awareness campaigns, crisis intervention, and mental health services.
- Risk Factors: Conditions or characteristics that increase the likelihood of an individual engaging in suicidal behavior.
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Chapter One: Introduction
